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Mysterious people who crushed Uyghurs

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  Quote tommy Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: Mysterious people who crushed Uyghurs
    Posted: 13-Feb-2007 at 13:40

Chinese material stated that  Uyghurs  Empire was defeated by a mysterious group. This group of people had white skin,green eyes, red or golden hair.They crushed the Uyghurs then they moved back to the North. Who were they, would they be the Vikings?At that time, Viking were so active, some of them even move to Russia , they built Keiv, which was on the edge of the steppe.

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  Quote Top Gun Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Feb-2007 at 13:50

it is probarbly a myth

and vikings never could have been because its to far away and they need contstant river to move on
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  Quote tommy Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Feb-2007 at 13:59
But Vikings from Sweden probarbly moved to Siberia, they also purchased silk from mid Asia, they had contact with the steppe.
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  Quote oghuzkb Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Feb-2007 at 19:13
they are kyrgiz tribes actually. The kyrgiz back that time bit different than modern kyrgiz i think, cuz most of the Khitan tribes and some mongols merged to kyrgiz tribes later. And there is also some information about Kyrgiz people in chinese documents that also describe them as blond and blue eyed. They used the same description to Tocharian people as well, check this link:

http://sln.fi.edu/inquirer/mummy.html
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1359826746062884695




Edited by oghuzkb - 13-Feb-2007 at 19:23
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  Quote Top Gun Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Feb-2007 at 08:37
Originally posted by tommy

But Vikings from Sweden probarbly moved to Siberia, they also purchased silk from mid Asia, they had contact with the steppe.
 
thats impossible then they had to move there ships over mountains constantly follow the rivers in very harsh conditions.
they only got there goods from arab merchants where they trade in turkey
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  Quote gok_toruk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Feb-2007 at 12:32

A Chinese ruler of Xianbei origin was recorded as having had fair hair as were later some Tatars from the same area, as well as some other Tungusic people. So, it's not that much radical to see blonde people among northern Asiatic people.



Edited by gok_toruk - 14-Feb-2007 at 12:41
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  Quote barbar Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Feb-2007 at 12:50
Originally posted by tommy

Chinese material stated that  Uyghurs  Empire was defeated by a mysterious group. This group of people had white skin,green eyes, red or golden hair.They crushed the Uyghurs then they moved back to the North. Who were they, would they be the Vikings?At that time, Viking were so active, some of them even move to Russia , they built Keiv, which was on the edge of the steppe.

 
I wonder in which Chinese material this people were called "Mysterious".  They were well recorded "jigesi" or Qirghiz. They were under the rule of Uyghurs, when there was uprising in the court, and the natural disaster, they rebelled and put an end to the Uyghur empire. They built a kingdom, which was overthrown by the Qitans, they started migration to the Issiqkol region.
 
According to "Jiu Tangshu", their language and script were similar to Uyghurs. They have reddish hair, blue eyes, and fair skin, and lives in the north of Uyghurs by the Yenisay river. The description was not odd, as we can see from the following poem of Li Ruwan in 8th Century, the Uyghurs had also the similar look:
 
The Uyghurs in Liangzhou dance enthusiactically,
With hooked nose, and skin just like white jade.
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  Quote gok_toruk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 15-Feb-2007 at 06:15
"Qirqizes" ruler had the title 'Qaqan'. This shows their high social position among Turkic people. In contrast, Uighurs contemporary to Qyrqizes were ruled by a leader who had the title 'Il Teber'. We all know, 'Il Teber' is a lower rank than a 'Qaqan'. Even "Kok Turk"s were not able to end their political life in their era. Later, when they invaded south (they were of northern tribes), they defeated Uighurs and invaded Orkhon.

Qyrqizes lived in "Abaqan". It's a fact that they were defeated once by "Il Etmish Qaqan" (Uighur Qaqan) in 739 A.D. But not long after that, an Uighur "Khan" who escaped to Qyrqizes, because of his quarrels with his own Uighurs, convinced Qyrqizes to attack Orkhon. And that's how Uighurs were defeated. The dead Uighur Qaqan was found among other dead people in the battle field. A part of Uighurs escaped to China in 848 A.D.

See "The Uighur Empire according to the Tang dynastic histories".

Barbar, could you please provide us with the documents you refer to about Qyrqizes that they were ruled by Uighurs?

Edited by gok_toruk - 15-Feb-2007 at 13:44
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  Quote barbar Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 15-Feb-2007 at 16:24
Originally posted by gok_toruk

"Qirqizes" ruler had the title 'Qaqan'. This shows their high social position among Turkic people. In contrast, Uighurs contemporary to Qyrqizes were ruled by a leader who had the title 'Il Teber'. We all know, 'Il Teber' is a lower rank than a 'Qaqan'. Even "Kok Turk"s were not able to end their political life in their era. Later, when they invaded south (they were of northern tribes), they defeated Uighurs and invaded Orkhon.
 
 
Got emotional again, huh? Tongue
 
Please don't mix up time periods. Tumid Ulugh Iltebir claimed himself as Qaghan in 646 AD by usurping the Sir--tardush. But this was not the establishment of Uyghur empire. It was 744 AD, when Uyghurs became the real owners of Otuken. Up until the empire was put an end by the Qyrghizs, all the emperors were called Qaghan. You should know in Chinese "Ke han" means "Qaghan". We have Uyghur monument also to prove this.
 


Qyrqizes lived in "Abaqan". It's a fact that they were defeated once by "Il Etmish Qaqan" (Uighur Qaqan) in 739 A.D. But not long after that, an Uighur "Khan" who escaped to Qyrqizes, because of his quarrels with his own Uighurs, convinced Qyrqizes to attack Orkhon. And that's how Uighurs were defeated. The dead Uighur Qaqan was found among other dead people in the battle field. A part of Uighurs escaped to China in 848 A.D.

See "The Uighur Empire according to the Tang dynastic histories".

Barbar, could you please provide us with the documents you refer to about Qyrqizes that they were ruled by Uighurs?
 
I wonder which history are you talking about? Il etmish Qaghan in 739? Uyghur "Khan" escaped to the Qryghiz not before long? Please, don't make up history.  
 
We know Qutluq Bilge Qaghan defeated Basmils to get the final victory over the Eastern Gok-turk teritory. It was 744 AD. 
 
It was almost one hundred years later, when this so called Uyghur "Khan" escaped to the Qyrghizs. He was Quluq Bagha without any title you gave him. He was from the first royal tribe Yaghlaqar, whose Tekins (the princes) were all jailed, he intended to get the help from Qirghizs to get the power for yaghlaqars again from the hands of Adiz. 
 
Now check Xin Tangshu-Huihu zhuan-2:
 
"黠戛斯,古坚昆国也。地当伊吾之西,焉耆北,白山之旁。或曰居勿,曰结骨。其种杂丁零,乃匈奴西鄙也。..........人皆长大,赤发、析面、绿瞳,以黑发为不祥。...............其文字言语,与回鹘正同。法最严,....................... 乾元中,为回纥所破,自是不能通中国。...................."
 
I'll try to translate the parts I think  you need:
 
" Jigesi, was originally called  Jiankun, liven on the west of Yiwu (Iwirghol), north of Yanqi (Qarashahr), and beside the Baishan (Tengri mountains)also called Juwu, jiegu. they are the mix of Dinling (Tura) and Xiongnu (Hun).
 
they are tall, red haired, white skin and blue eyed. It is considered to be a bad sign if some one has black eye pupil.
 
Their script and language is same as Uyghurs.  They have the strictest law.
 
During Qianyuan period, were defeated by Uyghurs, and they lost the contact between the middle kingdom. "
 
We have "Ay tengride qut bolmish Alip bilge Qaghan" monument, and it was stated in the monument: in 810 AD, Uyghurs defeated the Qirghiz. Which also confirms the above Chinese record. They indeed rebelled many times, and at the end of the Uyghur empire, they became independant again.  
 
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  Quote shinai Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 15-Feb-2007 at 18:51
the genes which make the skin white is converging between mongolians and caucasians.
having a blond hair or blue eyes could mention to any race in central asia, Also the way wiking were fighting was not suitable to fight in central asian deserts.
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  Quote TheMysticNomad Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Feb-2007 at 04:40
There is no evidence that I know of that suggests Vikings went any further east than the coastline of the Caspian Sea.  I suppose it's possible, but if they did, they did not leave any trace.  East Asian artifacts have been uncovered at Viking sites in Scandinavia, though they were probably obtained through intermediaries.
 
 
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  Quote gok_toruk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Feb-2007 at 13:55
You know, you’re a moderator, you can speak the way you want. What do you mean ‘you got emotional’?

Only Kok Turks, 9 Oghuzes, Qyrqizes and 30 Tatars had Qaqans. The other groups had rulers like ‘Uluq Erkin’, ‘Il Teber’, etc., because of their lower political status.

Before being the rulers of Otuken, Uighurs were ruled by 9 Oghuzes and Kok Turks. Turkic inscriptions say they had “Il Teber”. 9 Oghuzes had Qaqan, but the same can’t be said about Uighurs.

According to Oghuz Qaqa, Qyrqizes were rulled by 9 Oghuzes. Oghuz Qaqa also ruled Uighurs. According to Turkic inscriptions, Qyrqizes, together with Quriqans, were classified as 30 Tatars.

You didn’t support your claim that Uighurs ruled Qyrqizes. My references are:

“Orkhon Inscriptions”
"The Uighur Empire according to the Tang dynastic histories".

Chinese historians also mentioned Qyrqizes used to burn their dead people. But this is a Slav tradition. Seems paradoxical…
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  Quote barbar Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 17-Feb-2007 at 08:44
 
I have quoted the exact lines from the Tang dynasty history in Chinese, and translated it into English, wasn't it enough?
 
Why don't you do the same to persuade me? Just mentioning the names of the books or sources is what psuedo-historians always do.
 
BTW, Turkic people had many types customs about dead body. Burying, burning, putting on the tree in open field etc. Burning wasn't the practice that only Qirghizs do. Uyghurs also burnt the bodies of elderlies and Shamans.  we can have a new thread on this topic.
 
 


Edited by barbar - 17-Feb-2007 at 10:19
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  Quote gok_toruk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Feb-2007 at 07:14
Yes, we know about putting on a tree, but that’s not for Shamanis Turks. We know Qyrqizes were Shamanist. But burning their dead people is paradoxical.

Anyhow, could you please provide us with the documents in which it’s demonstrated Qyrqizes were ruled by Uighurs?
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  Quote barbar Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Feb-2007 at 13:53
 
Another lie. Qirghizs were Majusi (worshipers of fire), not Shamanist, that's why they burned the dead body, fire was sacred for them, Tengtisim (with the idea of sun god) result in fire worshipping. Still among Uyghur people, there are many practises which are the traces of this belief. For example,  during the wedding ceremony, the couples or the bride is asked to pass a buring fire. In the cities, where there is no this condition,  a red cloth is substituted.  
 
I already quoted the original Chinese record (Tang dynasty history), and trasnlated it into English. Don't you read the posts carefully?
 
 
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  Quote AyKurt Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 19-Feb-2007 at 17:01

gok turuk - Yes, we know about putting on a tree, but thats not for Shamanis Turks.

What do you mean by Shamanist Turks?
 
If they were Animists, i.e. they believed in spirits of nature, mountains, lakes, trees, stones etc, then they would have had shamans in the communities. 
The religious beliefs of the people would not revolve around the shamans but they would play an important role because of their close connection to the spirit worlds. 
 
Barbar - Qirghizs were Majusi (worshipers of fire),
 
Female Turkic Shamans are called udagan, udaban, ubakan, utygan, utugun or its variants, wheras male Shamans are known as kam.  The origin of udagan isn't determined although one theory is that its related to the Turkic word for fire, t. 
The Mongols also have a word, Etugen, which means Hearth Goddess, so probably its origin is a shared proto-altaic root word for fire.
 
tuken?
 
Anyway it all comes down to what is meant by shamanist Turks.  Since Shamanism itself isnt a religion but a shaman is an important position held by a person in an Animist community, then if they were Animistic they would have Shamans.  Which means all pre-Islamic and pre-Christian Turks were "shamanist".
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  Quote barbar Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 19-Feb-2007 at 17:24
I'm pretty sure Qirghizs were Majusi up until the 15th century.
 
Shaman was originally Tungustic word, I also encountered the Turkic term "Cham", it should be "Qam" that you mentioned.
 
My postulation is Tungustic people practised Shamanism, while Turkic people were Tengrist, which was determined by the difference in their life style, geographical location, and the social development. Later interaction made these two religions merge, and shamanism became dominant, as it did practically very efficient (predicting the future, curing desease etc). It was said Naiman shamans were very powerful that they could create rain and wind during the wars.  
 
Just a thought I've been thinking about for a while.
 
 
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  Quote AyKurt Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 19-Feb-2007 at 17:54
I dont want to go to off topic Big%20smile, but fire worship was quite widespread among Turkic peoples.  Even today the Khakas and Tyvan Turks believe in the t n (fire mother).  So it doesnt conflict with Animism or "shamanism" at all.
 
I have my doubts with Tengrism.  What i mean is i dont doubt of course that they worshipped Tengri, but its kind of like saying your not a muslim but an Allahist or you believe in Allahism.  Tengri was the divine deity, well there were a number of tengri's it meant deity.  And by saying one is shamanist is like saying you are an imamist.  Hope that makes sense.
 
How i see it is if they believed in nature spirits, worshipped the spirit of mountains, the spirit of fire, and so on then their religious outlook can be described as Animist.  Doesnt matter if they believed Tengri was supreme deity or t n.
 
Maybe it would be a good idea to start a thread on defining Shamanism in a Turkic cultural context.
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  Quote gok_toruk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 22-Feb-2007 at 06:21
Thanks "Qartash" for your compliment (a lie, huh)!

We all know (you konw better) that among Shamanists, fire is highly respected (also water). But this does not mean they were fire worshipers. See "The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia" by Ren Grousset. In fact, when Roman representative met the "Qaqan", he was asked to pass over a fire. But "Qaqan" was not a fire worshiper.

"Shaman" is old Altaic "someone who knows" or "the precedure of knowing (!!!)". The old Turkic title "Shat" means 'related to knowledge'; it's somehow like "Bilge", the other Turkic title.

Although people prefer to use 'Tengrism' and 'Shamanism' as different religions, their ideas and perception of world is much alike (if not the same). Even when it comes to some thoughts (like there are 99 major good and bad powers in this world - the world is consisted of 9 or 17 or 19 floors, etc.). It's the way people happen to catagorize religions.

Edited by gok_toruk - 22-Feb-2007 at 06:30
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  Quote gok_toruk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 22-Feb-2007 at 06:24
Most of the northern tribes mentioned in Turkic inscriptions, such as 9 Oghuzes, Qyrqizes, Yer Bayirqy, practiced Shamanism while Uighurs, for instance, did not.

Yes, a "Shaman" had a great role in society. He participated in religous deeds as well as medical ones. But for sure, the society was not based on her or him. You're right if you mean we can't classify Shamanism as a unique religion, because each of the practicers, relied (or should I say persisted) on one or a few of the numerous Shamanistic Gods. That's what Aykurt talks about when saying "Allahist", "Moslem", "Ot Ana", etc.

Edited by gok_toruk - 28-Feb-2007 at 03:19
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