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Kaaba a Hindu Temple?
[Note: A recent archeological find in Kuwait unearthed a gold-plated
statue of the Hindu deity Ganesh. A Muslim resident of Kuwait requested
historical research material that can help explain the connection between Hindu
civilisation and Arabia.]
Was the Kaaba Originally a Hindu Temple?
By P.N. Oak (Historian)
Glancing through some research material recently, I was pleasantly surprised to come
across a reference to a king Vikramaditya inscription found in the Kaaba
in Mecca proving beyond doubt that the Arabian Peninsula formed a part of his Indian
Empire.
The text of the crucial Vikramaditya inscription, found inscribed on a gold dish hung
inside the Kaaba shrine in Mecca, is found recorded on page 315 of a volume known as
Sayar-ul-Okul treasured in the Makhtab-e-Sultania library in Istanbul, Turkey.
Rendered in free English the inscription says:
"Fortunate are those who were born (and lived) during king Vikrams reign. He
was a noble, generous dutiful ruler, devoted to the welfare of his subjects. But at that
time we Arabs, oblivious of God, were lost in sensual pleasures. Plotting and torture were
rampant. The darkness of ignorance had enveloped our country. Like the lamb struggling for
her life in the cruel paws of a wolf we Arabs were caught up in ignorance. The entire
country was enveloped in a darkness so intense as on a new moon night. But the present
dawn and pleasant sunshine of education is the result of the favour of the noble king
Vikramaditya whose benevolent supervision did not lose sight of us- foreigners as we were.
He spread his sacred religion amongst us and sent scholars whose brilliance shone like
that of the sun from his country to ours. These scholars and preceptors through whose
benevolence we were once again made cognisant of the presence of God, introduced to His
sacred existence and put on the road of Truth, had come to our country to preach their
religion and impart education at king Vikramadityas behest."
For those who would like to read the Arabic wording I reproduce it hereunder in Roman
script:
"Itrashaphai Santu Ibikramatul Phahalameen Karimun Yartapheeha Wayosassaru
Bihillahaya Samaini Ela Motakabberen Sihillaha Yuhee Quid min howa Yapakhara phajjal asari
nahone osirom bayjayhalem. Yundan blabin Kajan blnaya khtoryaha sadunya kanateph netephi
bejehalin Atadari bilamasa- rateen phakef tasabuhu kaunnieja majekaralhada walador. As
hmiman burukankad toluho watastaru hihila Yakajibaymana balay kulk amarena phaneya
jaunabilamary Bikramatum".
(Page 315 Sayar-ul-okul).
[Note: The title Saya-ul-okul signifies memorable words.]
A careful analysis of the above inscription enables us to draw the following
conclusions:
- That the ancient Indian empires may have extended up to the eastern boundaries of Arabia
until Vikramaditya and that it was he who for the first time conquered Arabia. Because the
inscription says that king Vikram who dispelled the darkness of ignorance from Arabia.
- That, whatever their earlier faith, King Vikramas preachers had succeeded in
spreading the Vedic (based on the Vedas, the Hindu sacred scriptures)) way of life in
Arabia.
- That the knowledge of Indian arts and sciences was imparted by Indians to the Arabs
directly by founding schools, academies and cultural centres. The belief, therefore, that
visiting Arabs conveyed that knowledge to their own lands through their own indefatigable
efforts and scholarship is unfounded.
An ancillary conclusion could be that the so-called Kutub Minar (in Delhi, India) could
well be king Vikramadiyas tower commemorating his conquest of Arabia. This
conclusion is strengthened by two pointers. Firstly, the inscription on the iron pillar
near the so-called Kutub Minar refers to the marriage of the victorious king Vikramaditya
to the princess of Balhika. This Balhika is none other than the Balkh region in West Asia.
It could be that Arabia was wrestled by king Vikramaditya from the ruler of Balkh who
concluded a treaty by giving his daughter in marriage to the victor. Secondly, the
township adjoining the so called Kutub Minar is named Mehrauli after Mihira who was the
renowned astronomer-mathematician of king Vikrams court. Mehrauli is the corrupt
form of Sanskrit Mihira-Awali signifying a row of houses raised for Mihira and
his helpers and assistants working on astronomical observations made from the tower.
Having seen the far reaching and history shaking implications of the Arabic inscription
concerning king Vikrama, we shall now piece together the story of its find. How it came to
be recorded and hung in the Kaaba in Mecca. What are the other proofs reinforcing the
belief that Arabs were once followers of the Indian Vedic way of life and that
tranquillity and education were ushered into Arabia by king Vikramadityas scholars,
educationists from an uneasy period of "ignorance and turmoil" mentioned in the
inscription.
In Istanbul, Turkey, there is a famous library called Makhatab-e-Sultania, which is
reputed to have the largest collection of ancient West Asian literature. In the Arabic
section of that library is an anthology of ancient Arabic poetry. That anthology was
compiled from an earlier work in A.D. 1742 under the orders of the Turkish ruler Sultan
Salim.
The pages of that volume are of Hareer a kind of silk used for writing on. Each
page has a decorative gilded border. That anthology is known as Sayar-ul-Okul. It is
divided into three parts. The first part contains biographic details and the poetic
compositions of pre-Islamic Arabian poets. The second part embodies accounts and verses of
poets of the period beginning just after prophet Mohammads times, up to the end of
the Banee-Um-Mayya dynasty. The third part deals with later poets up to the end of Khalif
Harun-al-Rashids times.
Abu Amir Asamai, an Arabian bard who was the poet Laureate of Harun-al-Rashids
court, has compiled and edited the anthology.
The first modern edition of Sayar-ul-Okul was printed and published in
Berlin in 1864. A subsequent edition is the one published in Beirut in 1932.
The collection is regarded as the most important and authoritative anthology of ancient
Arabic poetry. It throws considerable light on the social life, customs, manners and
entertainment modes of ancient Arabia. The book also contains an elaborate description of
the ancient shrine of Mecca, the town and the annual fair known as OKAJ which used to be
held every year around the Kaaba temple in Mecca. This should convince readers that the
annual haj of the Muslims to the Kaaba is of earlier pre-Islamic congregation.
But the OKAJ fair was far from a carnival. It provided a forum for the elite and the
learned to discuss the social, religious, political, literary and other aspects of the
Vedic culture then pervading Arabia. Sayar-ul-Okul asserts that the conclusion
reached at those discussions were widely respected throughout Arabia. Mecca, therefore,
followed the Varanasi tradition (of India) of providing a venue for important discussions
among the learned while the masses congregated there for spiritual bliss. The principal
shrines at both Varanasi in India and at Mecca in Arvasthan (Arabia) were Siva temples.
Even to this day ancient Mahadev (Siva) emblems can be seen. It is the Shankara (Siva)
stone that Muslim pilgrims reverently touch and kiss in the Kaaba.
Arabic tradition has lost trace of the founding of the Kaaba temple. The discovery of
the Vikramaditya inscription affords a clue. King Vikramaditya is known for his great
devotion to Lord Mahadev (Siva). At Ujjain (India), the capital of Vikramaditya, exists
the famous shrine of Mahankal, i.e., of Lord Shankara (Siva) associated with Vikramaditya.
Since according to the Vikramaditya inscription he spread the Vedic religion, who else but
he could have founded the Kaaba temple in Mecca?
A few miles away from Mecca is a big signboard which bars the entry of any non-Muslim
into the area. This is a reminder of the days when the Kaaba was stormed and captured
solely for the newly established faith of Islam. The object in barring entry of
non-Muslims was obviously to prevent its recapture.
As the pilgrim proceeds towards Mecca he is asked to shave his head and beard and to
don special sacred attire that consists of two seamless sheets of white cloth. One is to
be worn round the waist and the other over the shoulders. Both these rites are remnants of
the old Vedic practice of entering Hindu temples clean- and with holy seamless white
sheets.
The main shrine in Mecca, which houses the Siva emblem, is known as the Kaaba. It is
clothed in a black shroud. That custom also originates from the days when it was thought
necessary to discourage its recapture by camouflaging it.
According to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, the Kaaba has 360 images. Traditional
accounts mention that one of the deities among the 360 destroyed when the place was
stormed, was that of Saturn; another was of the Moon and yet another was one called Allah.
That shows that in the Kaaba the Arabs worshipped the nine planets in pre-Islamic days. In
India the practice of Navagraha puja, that is worship of the nine planets, is
still in vogue. Two of these nine are Saturn and Moon.
In India the crescent moon is always painted across the forehead of the Siva symbol.
Since that symbol was associated with the Siva emblem in Kaaba it came to be grafted on
the flag of Islam.
Another Hindu tradition associated with the Kaaba is that of the sacred stream Ganga
(sacred waters of the Ganges river). According to the Hindu tradition Ganga is also
inseparable from the Shiva emblem as the crescent moon. Wherever there is a Siva emblem,
Ganga must co-exist. True to that association a sacred fount exists near the Kaaba. Its
water is held sacred because it has been traditionally regarded as Ganga since pre-Islamic
times (Zam-Zam water).
[Note: Even today, Muslim pilgrims who go to the Kaaba for Haj regard this Zam-Zam
water with reverence and take some bottled water with them as sacred water.]
Muslim pilgrims visiting the Kaaba temple go around it seven times. In no other mosque
does the circumambulation prevail. Hindus invariably circumambulate around their deities.
This is yet another proof that the Kaaba shrine is a pre-Islamic Indian Shiva temple where
the Hindu practice of circumambulation is still meticulously observed.
The practice of taking seven steps- known as Saptapadi in Sanskrit- is associated with
Hindu marriage ceremony and fire worship. The culminating rite in a Hindu marriage enjoins
upon the bride and groom to go round the sacred fire four times (but misunderstood by many
as seven times). Since "Makha" means fire, the seven circumambulations also
prove that Mecca was the seat of Indian fire-worship in the West Asia.
It might come as a stunning revelation to many that the word ALLAH itself
is Sanskrit. In Sanskrit language Allah, Akka and Amba are synonyms. They signify a
goddess or mother. The term ALLAH forms part of Sanskrit chants invoking
goddess Durga, also known as Bhavani, Chandi and Mahishasurmardini. The Islamic word for
God is., therefore, not an innovation but the ancient Sanskrit appellation retained and
continued by Islam. Allah means mother or goddess and mother goddess.
One Koranic verse is an exact translation of a stanza in the Yajurveda. This was
pointed out by the great research scholar Pandit Satavlekar of Pardi in one of his
articles.
[Note: Another scholar points out that the following teaching from the Koran is exactly
similar to the teaching of the Kena Upanishad (1.7).
The Koran:
"Sight perceives Him not. But He perceives men's sights; for He is the knower of
secrets, the Aware."
Kena Upanishad:
"That which cannot be seen by the eye but through which the eye itself sees, know
That to be Brahman (God) and not what people worship here (in the manifested world)."
A simplified meaning of both the above verses reads:
God is one and that He is beyond man's sensory experience.]
The identity of Unani and Ayurvedic systems shows that Unani is just the Arabic term
for the Ayurvedic system of healing taught to them and administered in Arabia when Arabia
formed part of the Indian empire.
It will now be easy to comprehend the various Hindu customs still prevailing in West
Asian countries even after the existence of Islam during the last 1300 years. Let us
review some Hindu traditions which exist as the core of Islamic practice.
The Hindus have a pantheon of 33 gods. People in Asia Minor too worshipped 33 gods
before the spread of Islam. The lunar calendar was introduced in West Asia during the
Indian rule. The Muslim month Safar signifying the extra month
(Adhik Maas) in the Hindu calendar. The Muslim month Rabi is the corrupt form of Ravi
meaning the sun because Sanskrit V changes into Prakrit B (Prakrit
being the popular version of Sanskrit language). The Muslim sanctity for Gyrahwi Sharif is
nothing but the Hindu Ekadashi (Gyrah = elevan or Gyaarah). Both are identical in meaning.
The Islamic practice of Bakari Eed derives from the Go-Medh and Ashva-Medh Yagnas or
sacrifices of Vedic times. Eed in Sanskrit means worship. The Islamic word Eed for festive
days, signifying days of worship, is therefore a pure Sanskrit word. The word MESH in the
Hindu zodiac signifies a lamb. Since in ancient times the year used to begin with the
entry of the sun in Aries, the occasion was celebrated with mutton feasting. That is the
origin of the Bakari Eed festival.
[Note: The word Bakari is an Indian language word for a goat.]
Since Eed means worship and Griha means house, the Islamic word Idgah
signifies a House of worship which is the exact Sanskrit connotation of the
term. Similarly the word Namaz derives from two Sanskrit roots
Nama and Yajna (NAMa yAJna) meaning bowing and worshipping.
Vedic descriptions about the moon, the different stellar constellations and the
creation of the universe have been incorporated from the Vedas in Koran part 1 chapter 2,
stanza 113, 114, 115, and 158, 189, chapter 9, stanza 37 and chapter 10, stanzas 4 to 7.
Recital of the Namaz five times a day owes its origin to the Vedic injunction of
Panchmahayagna (five daily worship- Panch-Maha-Yagna) which is part of the daily Vedic
ritual prescribed for all individuals.
Muslims are enjoined cleanliness of five parts of the body before commencing prayers.
This derives from the Vedic injuction Shareer Shydhyartham Panchanga Nyasah.
Four months of the year are regarded as very sacred in Islamic custom. The devout are
enjoined to abstain from plunder and other evil deeds during that period. This originates
in the Chaturmasa i.e., the four-month period of special vows and austerities in Hindu
tradition. Shabibarat is the corrupt form of Shiva Vrat and Shiva Ratra. Since the Kaaba
has been an important centre of Shiva (Siva) worship from times immemorial, the Shivaratri
festival used to be celebrated there with great gusto. It is that festival which is
signified by the Islamic word Shabibarat.
Encyclopaedias tell us that there are inscriptions on the side of the Kaaba walls. What
they are, no body has been allowed to study, according to the correspondence I had with an
American scholar of Arabic. But according to hearsay at least some of those inscriptions
are in Sanskrit, and some of them are stanzas from the Bhagavad Gita.
According to extant Islamic records, Indian merchants had settled in Arabia,
particularly in Yemen, and their life and manners deeply influenced those who came in
touch with them. At Ubla there was a large number of Indian settlements. This shows that
Indians were in Arabia and Yemen in sufficient strength and commanding position to be able
to influence the local people. This could not be possible unless they belonged to the
ruling class.
It is mentioned in the Abadis i.e., the authentic traditions of Prophet Mohammad
compiled by Imam Bukhari that the Indian tribe of Jats had settled in Arabia before
Prophet Mohammads times. Once when Hazrat Ayesha, wife of the Prophet, was taken
ill, her nephew sent for a Jat physician for her treatment. This proves that Indians
enjoyed a high and esteemed status in Arabia. Such a status could not be theirs unless
they were the rulers. Bukhari also tells us that an Indian Raja (king) sent a jar of
ginger pickles to the Prophet. This shows that the Indian Jat Raja ruled an adjacent area
so as to be in a position to send such an insignificant present as ginger pickles. The
Prophet is said to have so highly relished it as to have told his colleagues also to
partake of it. These references show that even during Prophet Mohammads times
Indians retained their influential role in Arabia, which was a dwindling legacy from
Vikramadityas times.
The Islamic term Eed-ul-Fitr derives from the Eed of Piters
that is worship of forefathers in Sanskrit tradition. In India, Hindus commemorate their
ancestors during the Pitr-Paksha that is the fortnight reserved for their remembrance. The
very same is the significance of Eed-ul-Fitr (worship of forefathers).
The Islamic practice of observing the moon rise before deciding on celebrating the
occasion derives from the Hindu custom of breaking fast on Sankranti and Vinayaki
Chaturthi only after sighting the moon.
Barah Vafat, the Muslim festival for commemorating those dead in battle or by weapons,
derives from a similar Sanskrit tradition because in Sanskrit Phiphaut is
death. Hindus observe Chayal Chaturdashi in memory of those who have died in
battle.
The word Arabia is itself the abbreviation of a Sanskrit word. The original word is
Arabasthan. Since Prakrit B is Sanskrit V the original
Sanskrit name of the land is Arvasthan. Arva in Sanskrit means a
horse. Arvasthan signifies a land of horses., and as well all know, Arabia is famous for
its horses.
This discovery changes the entire complexion of the history of ancient India. Firstly
we may have to revise our concepts about the king who had the largest empire in history.
It could be that the expanse of king Vikramadityas empire was greater than that of
all others. Secondly, the idea that the Indian empire spread only to the east and not in
the west beyond say, Afghanisthan may have to be abandoned. Thirdly the effeminate and
pathetic belief that India, unlike any other country in the world could by some age spread
her benign and beatific cultural influence, language, customs, manners and education over
distant lands without militarily conquering them is baseless. India did conquer all those
countries physically wherever traces of its culture and language are still extant and the
region extended from Bali island in the south Pacific to the Baltic in Northern Europe and
from Korea to Kaaba. The only difference was that while Indian rulers identified
themselves with the local population and established welfare states, Moghuls and others
who ruled conquered lands perpetuated untold atrocities over the vanquished.
Sayar-ul-Okul tells us that a pan-Arabic poetic symposium used to be held
in Mecca at the annual Okaj fair in pre-Islamic times. All leading poets used to
participate in it.
Poems considered best were awarded prizes. The best-engraved on gold plate were hung
inside the temple. Others etched on camel or goatskin were hung outside. Thus for
thousands of years the Kaaba was the treasure house of the best Arabian poetic thought
inspired by the Indian Vedic tradition.
That tradition being of immemorial antiquity many poetic compositions were engraved and
hung inside and outside on the walls of the Kaaba. But most of the poems got lost and
destroyed during the storming of the Kaaba by Prophet Mohammads troops. The
Prophets court poet, Hassan-bin-Sawik, who was among the invaders, captured some of
the treasured poems and dumped the gold plate on which they were inscribed in his own
home. Sawiks grandson, hoping to earn a reward carried those gold plates to
Khalifs court where he met the well-known Arab scholar Abu Amir Asamai. The latter
received from the bearer five gold plates and 16 leather sheets with the prize-winning
poems engraved on them. The bearer was sent away happy bestowed with a good reward.
On the five gold plates were inscribed verses by ancient Arab poets like Labi Baynay,
Akhatab-bin-Turfa and Jarrham Bintoi. That discovery made Harun-al-Rashid order Abu Amir
to compile a collection of all earlier compositions. One of the compositions in the
collection is a tribute in verse paid by Jarrham Bintoi, a renowned Arab poet, to king
Vikramaditya. Bintoi who lived 165 years before Prophet Mohammad had received the highest
award for the best poetic compositions for three years in succession in the pan-Arabic
symposiums held in Mecca every year. All those three poems of Bintoi adjudged best were
hung inside the Kaaba temple, inscribed on gold plates. One of these constituted an
unreserved tribute to King Vikramaditya for his paternal and filial rule over Arabia. That
has already been quoted above.
Pre-Islamic Arabian poet Bintois tribute to king Vikramaditya is a decisive
evidence that it was king Vikramaditya who first conquered the Arabian Peninsula and made
it a part of the Indian Empire. This explains why starting from India towards the west we
have all Sanskrit names like Afghanisthan (now Afghanistan), Baluchisthan, Kurdisthan,
Tajikiathan, Uzbekisthan, Iran, Sivisthan, Iraq, Arvasthan, Turkesthan
(Turkmenisthan) etc.
Historians have blundered in not giving due weight to the evidence provided by Sanskrit
names pervading over the entire west Asian region. Let us take a contemporary instance.
Why did a part of India get named Nagaland even after the end of British rule over India?
After all historical traces are wiped out of human memory, will a future age historian be
wrong if he concludes from the name Nagaland that the British or some English speaking
power must have ruled over India? Why is Portuguese spoken in Goa (part of India), and
French in Pondichery (part of India), and both French and English in Canada? Is it not
because those people ruled over the territories where their languages are spoken? Can we
not then justly conclude that wherever traces of Sanskrit names and traditions exist
Indians once held sway? It is unfortunate that this important piece of decisive evidence
has been ignored all these centuries.
Another question which should have presented itself to historians for consideration is
how could it be that Indian empires could extend in the east as far as Korea and Japan,
while not being able to make headway beyond Afghanisthan? In fact land campaigns are much
easier to conduct than by sea. It was the Indians who ruled the entire West Asian region
from Karachi to Hedjaz and who gave Sanskrit names to those lands and the towns therein,
introduce their pantheon of the fire-worship, imparted education and established law and
order.
It may be that Arabia itself was not part of the Indian empire until king Vikrama ,
since Bintoi says that it was king Vikrama who for the first time brought about a radical
change in the social, cultural and political life of Arabia. It may be that the whole of
West Asia except Arabia was under Indian rule before Vikrama. The latter added Arabia too
to the Indian Empire. Or as a remote possibility it could be that king Vikramaditya
himself conducted a series of brilliant campaigns annexing to his empire the vast region
between Afghanisthan and Hedjaz.
Incidentally this also explains why king Vikramaditya is so famous in history. Apart
from the nobility and truthfulness of heart and his impartial filial affection for all his
subjects, whether Indian or Arab, as testified by Bintoi, king Vikramaditya has been
permanently enshrined in the pages of history because he was the worlds greatest
ruler having the largest empire. It should be remembered that only a monarch with a vast
empire gets famous in world history. Vikram Samvat (calendar still widely in use in India
today) which he initiated over 2000 years ago may well mark his victory over Arabia, and
the so called Kutub Minar (Kutub Tower in Delhi), a pillar commemorating that victory and
the consequential marriage with the Vaihika (Balkh) princess as testified by the nearby
iron pillar inscription.
A great many puzzles of ancient world history get automatically solved by a proper
understanding of these great conquests of king Vikramaditya. As recorded by the Arab poet
Bintoi, Indian scholars, preachers and social workers spread the fire-worship ceremony,
preached the Vedic way of life, manned schools, set up Ayurvedic (healing) centres,
trained the local people in irrigation and agriculture and established in those regions a
democratic, orderly, peaceful, enlightened and religious way of life. That was of course,
a Vedic Hindu way of life.
It is from such ancient times that Indian Kshtriya royal families, like the Pahalvis
and Barmaks, have held sway over Iran and Iraq. It is those conquests, which made the
Parsees Agnihotris i.e., fire-worshippers. It is therefore that we find the Kurds of
Kurdisthan speaking a Sanskritised dialect, fire temples existing thousands of miles away
from India, and scores of sites of ancient Indian cultural centres like Navbahar in West
Asia and the numerous viharas in Soviet Russia spread throughout the world. Ever since so
many viharas are often dug up in Soviet Russia, ancient Indian sculptures are also found
in excavations in Central Asia. The same goes for West Asia.
[Note: Ancient Indian sculptures include metal statues of the Hindu deity Ganesh (the
elephant headed god); the most recent find being in Kuwait].
Unfortunately these chapters of world history have been almost obliterated from public
memory. They need to be carefully deciphered and rewritten. When these chapters are
rewritten they might change the entire concept and orientation of ancient history.
In view of the overwhelming evidence led above, historians, scholars, students of
history and lay men alike should take note that they had better revise their text books of
ancient world history. The existence of Hindu customs, shrines, Sanskrit names of whole
regions, countries and towns and the Vikramaditya inscriptions reproduced at the beginning
are a thumping proof that Indian Kshatriyas once ruled over the vast region from Bali to
Baltic and Korea to Kaaba in Mecca, Arabia at the very least.
Links to similar topics
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Sword of truth Aditi Chaturvedi
The following explanation is reproduced from the Sword of Truth archives.
All Arabic copies of the Koran have the mysterious figure 786 imprinted on them . No
Arabic scholar has been able to determine the choice of this particular number as divine.
It is an established fact that Muhammad was illiterate therefore it is obvious that he
would not be able to differentiate numbers from letters. This "magical" number
is none other than the Vedic holy letter "OM" written in Sanskrit (Refer to
figure 2). Anyone who knows Sanskrit can try reading the symbol for "OM"
backwards in the Arabic way and magically the numbers 786 will appear! Muslims in their
ignorance simply do not realise that this special number is nothing more than the holiest
of Vedic symbols misread.
Figure 2.
Read from right to left this figure
of OM represents the numbers 786
Look at this symbol of Om in a mirror and
you can make out the Devnagari (Sanskrit-Hindi)
numerals 7-8-6
_______________________________________________________
We received the following email from one of our readers
Sun, 07 Nov 2004 02:24:39+0300
Kabaa-Kabaali-Lord Shiva*
Dear Sir,
First of all I heartly thank for hosting such a beautiful website. I read the message
" Is the Kabaa a Hindu temple ???". It was a very Intresting, thought provoking
and informative message. I would like to bring to your notice regarding this, that the
word Kabaa might have come from the TAMIL language - Kabaalishwaran temple (TAMIL is
considered as one of the oldest languages of the world). Dravidian's worshiped Lord Shiva
as their Primal Deity - Indus valley civilization. Shiva Temple's in South India are
called as Kabaalishwaran temple's. Kabaali - refers to Lord Shiva.
-Dr.Davis S.Senthilkumar
====================================
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