There are about 20 fortified villages and cities around the city of Mehriz in south of Yazd that most of them date back to more than 1,000 years ago, one of the largest one is Saryazd citadel:
And one of the smallest and of course, the most perfect one is Mehrpadin citadel:
A view from Google Maps:
This rectangular citadel is surrounded by an eight meters wide ditch and as you see there are two rows of walls around it, between two walls some stables and guard-rooms have been built.
As you read here:
The commonest material that is used to fortify and waterproof those parts of the outer wall with exposure to the waters spilled in the ditch is plaster of lime and sand (mortar) along with huge rocks. This fortress is unique for its having waterproof outer clay-walls with no plaster of mortar used in it out of the ordinary.
The inner wall has built in ramparts that work to spy precincts of the castle.There are also some spy holes within the ramparts that are constructed in such a way as to ricochet incoming arrows and bullets.
Stables and residences within the enclosure of the castle clearly illustrate the existence of a feudal cast social system at that time. Observers can easily distinguish noble houses from those of the poor.
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There are different types of buildings (residential, commercial, religious and even atheletic) inside the citadel, almost all houses have been built in two storeys, the first floor was used for the cattle and people lived in the second floor.